Cov Kev Tsis Zoo Feem Ntau Hauv Kev Vuam Aluminium Alloy Laser

Cov Kev Tsis Zoo Feem Ntau hauvAluminium Alloy Laser Vuam

Txawm yog laser autogenous welding los yoglaser-arc hybrid vuamyog siv rau cov hlau txhuas, muaj qee qhov teeb meem kev siv tshuab, piv txwv li, qhov tsis zoo yuav tshwm sim yog tias cov txheej txheem thiab cov xwm txheej vuam yog metallurgictsis tsim nyog. LubCov teeb meem hauv cov pob qij txha txhuas feem ntau muaj ob hom: qhov porosity ntawm qhov vuam thiab qhov tawg kub ntawm qhov vuam. Ntxiv rau qhov porosity thiab qhov tawg kub, cov teeb meem xws li qhov txiav tsis zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm sab nraub qaum kuj muaj nyob rau hauv kev vuam laser ntawm cov hlau txhuas. Piv nrog rau qhov porosity ntawm qhov vuam, qhov muaj feem yuav muaj qhov tawg ntawm qhov vuam (pom rau lub qhov muag liab qab lossis nyob rau hauv qhov tsom iav qis) tsis siab. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias qhov tawg muaj kev phom sij ntau dua, JIS Z 3105 hais tias thaum pom qhov tawg hauv qhov vuam, qhov vuam yuav raug txiav txim siab ua Chav Kawm IV. Qhov txiav tsis zoo, qhov tsis zoo ntawm sab nraub qaum thiab lwm yam teeb meem feem ntau yog qhov teeb meem loj heev uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov ceev tsis raug lossis cov txheej txheem tsis sib xws. Cov teeb meem no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv theem ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev debugging, thiab tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv kev ua haujlwm tsim khoom tiag tiag. Yog li ntawd, porosity yog ib hom teeb meem uas muaj kev phom sij ntau dua hauv kev vuam laser ntawm cov hlau txhuas thiab hauv kev pabcuam ntawm cov qauv vuam, thiab nws nyuaj rau tshem tawm.

1. Qhov porosity

Porosity yog qhov feem ntau thiab qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm qhov ntim tsis zoo hauvlaser vuam ntawm cov hlau alloys, nrog rau qhov loj me ntawm ntau pua microns mus rau ntau millimeters. Nws txoj kev tsim tsis tau meej meej. Porosity tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm qhov vuam tsis muaj zog xwb, tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab, txo qhov muaj zog dynamic thiab kev ua haujlwm qaug zog ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke.

Thaum cov hlau txhuas yaj hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj hydrogen, nws cov hydrogen sab hauv tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 0.69 ml / 100g, tab sis tom qab cov hlau khov, nws cov hydrogen solubility hauv qhov sib npaug yog qhov siab tshaj plaws 0.036 ml / 100g. Feem ntau nws ntseeg tias thaum lub sijhawm txias ntawm laser vuam, qhov solubility ntawm hydrogen poob qis, thiab cov dej nag ntawm supersaturated hydrogen yuav tsim hydrogen porosity. Kev ua kom qhuav ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke qis-melting-point thiab siab-vapor-pressure kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau porosity, uas hu ua metallurgical porosity. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb laser thiab qhov tsis ruaj khov ntawm lub qhov tseem ceeb kuj tuaj yeem tsim porosity, tab sis cov porosity no muaj cov duab tsis xwm yeem thiab tuaj yeem hu ua cov txheej txheem ua rau porosity. Vim yog cov tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov hlau txhuas, ib zaj duab xis oxide yooj yim tsim rau ntawm qhov chaw. Thaum lub sijhawm vuam, cov dej siv lead ua thiab cov dej sib xyaw ua ke decomposed los ntawm zaj duab xis oxide ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau txhuas, ua ke nrog cov dej noo hauv huab cua thiab cov roj tiv thaiv, ncaj qha decompose los tsim hydrogen hauv thaj chaw kub siab nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm laser. Cov pa roj hydrogen no yuav los nag thaum lub sijhawm txias thiab khov ntawm lub pas dej ua los ntawm cov hlau ua npuas los ua cov npuas lossis ncaj qha tsim cov npuas rau ntawm cov zaj duab xis oxide uas tsis yaj tag. Vim yog qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb qis ntawm cov hlau txhuas, qhov ceev ntawm cov npuas hauv lub pas dej ua los ntawm cov hlau ua npuas qeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlau txhuas muaj cov thermal conductivity muaj zog, thiab qhov ceev ntawm qhov txias thiab khov ntawm lub pas dej ua los ntawm cov hlau ua npuas yog ceev heev. Qee cov npuas tsis tuaj yeem khiav tawm raws sijhawm thiab nyob hauv qhov vuam, yog li tsim cov porosity hlau. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias cov pa roj tseem ceeb hauv qhov porosity ntawm cov hlau txhuas vuam yog hydrogen, yog li qhov porosity hauv cov hlau txhuas vuam qee zaum hu ua hydrogen porosity. Thaum saib qhov tawg ntawm porosity nyob rau hauv lub tshuab scanning electron microscope, qhov porosity feem ntau nthuav tawm cov duab kheej kheej nrog cov dendrite kawg ntawm cov siv lead ua dendritic nruj, thiab phab ntsa sab hauv yog du, huv si thiab tsis muaj cov cim oxidation. Qhov muaj porosity tsis yog tsuas yog txo qhov compactness ntawm qhov vuam thiab lub peev xwm ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke, tab sis kuj txo qhov muaj zog thiab plasticity ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke rau ntau qib.

2. Cov Kab Ntsig Kub

Cov kab nrib pleb kub (xws li cov kab nrib pleb khov thiab cov kab nrib pleb liquation) tsim thaum lub sijhawm ua kom cov hlau molten pool solidification thiab yog ib qho ntawm cov hom teeb meem feem ntau hauv laser vuam ntawm cov hlau txhuas. Qhov pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov qauv tawg ntawm cov kab nrib pleb khov yog tias qhov chaw tawg yog tsim los ntawm thaj chaw loj ntawm cov pob zeb granular du tab sis tsis sib npaug lossis cov qauv zoo li qos yaj ywm, thiab qhov chaw feem ntau khaws cov intergranular qis-melting-point eutectics lossis cov kua zaj duab xis folds, nrog rau cov cim ntawm brittle fracture ntawm dendrites. Cov qauv tawg ntawm cov kab nrib pleb liquation zoo ib yam li cov kab nrib pleb khov, tab sis nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov kub siab intergranular tawg lossis solidification tawg. Hauv qhov qaug zog tawg ntawm cov pob qij txha fusion-welded nyob rau hauv qhov qaug zog loading, qaug zog tawg qhov chaw los ntawm cov kab nrib pleb kub no kuj tshwm sim. Cov ua rau muaj cov kab nrib pleb kub hauv laser vuam ntawm cov hlau txhuas feem ntau yog cuam tshuam nrog lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv thiab cov txheej txheem vuam. Cov hlau txhuas muaj qhov nrawm loj thaum lub sijhawm khov (txog li 5%), ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab loj thiab deformation; ntxiv rau, cov qauv eutectic qis-melting-point raug tsim raws cov ciam teb thaum lub sijhawm khov ntawm cov hlau vuam, uas ua rau lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov ciam teb nplej tsis muaj zog, yog li tsim cov kab nrib pleb kub nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm kev ntxhov siab tensile. Ntxiv rau, cov qauv tawg hauv laser vuam ntawm cov hlau alloys tuaj yeem raug sau ua cov pawg hauv qab no: cov kab nrib pleb chaw vuam; cov kab nrib pleb kab sib txuas; cov kab nrib pleb intergranular hauv cov vuam; cov kab nrib pleb cuam tshuam thaj chaw kub; cov kab nrib pleb tshwm sim los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide; thiab cov kab nrib pleb intergranular.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev tiv thaiv tsis zoo thaum lub sijhawm vuam ua rau cov hlau vuam ua rau cov pa roj hauv huab cua, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke kuj yog qhov ua rau tawg. Hom thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke muaj feem cuam tshuam loj rau qhov kub hnyiab thaum lub sijhawm vuam txhuas. Feem ntau, Al-Si thiab Al-Mn series txhuas alloys muaj qhov vuam zoo thiab tsis yooj yim tsim cov tawg kub; thaum Al-Mg, Al-Cu thiab Al-Zn series txhuas alloys muaj qhov kub hnyiab siab. Qhov kub hnyiab tuaj yeem txo qis los ntawm kev kho cov txheej txheem vuam kom tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias. Feem ntau hais lus, qhov kub hnyiab ntawm laser-arc hybrid vuam zoo dua li ntawm laser filler wire vuam, thiab qhov kub hnyiab ntawm laser filler wire vuam zoo dua li ntawm laser autogenous vuam.

3. Txiav thiab hlawv dhau

Cov hlau txhuas muaj lub zog ionization qis, thiab cov plasma uas raug photo-induced feem ntau yuav kub dhau thiab nthuav dav thaum lub sijhawm vuam, ua rau cov txheej txheem vuam tsis ruaj khov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlau txhuas kua muaj cov kua dej zoo thiab qhov nro ntawm qhov chaw qis. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev nkag mus, feem ntau xav tau cov pa roj tiv thaiv loj dua thiab lub zog tso zis laser, uas ua rau qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam tsis zoo, ua rau lub pas dej molten hloov pauv sai sai hauv qab kev nyuaj siab thiab yooj yim ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo xws li txiav thiab hlawv. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov phaj hlau txhuas laser-welded tuaj yeem txhim kho tau zoo los ntawm kev teeb tsa lub phaj tooj liab txias dej rau sab nraub qaum ntawm qhov vuam.

4. Kev suav nrog Slag

Lwm hom kev tsis zoo uas feem ntau tshwm sim hauv kev vuam lub cev tsheb yog weld slag inclusion. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias slag inclusion feem ntau yog los ntawm oxides ntawm qhov chaw ntawm weldments thiab welding wires, nrog rau cov txheej txheem tsis ruaj khov hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv aluminium alloy. Yog li ntawd, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom siv aluminium alloy yuav tsum txhawb kev tsim kho tshiab thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem casting kom txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tsis huv thiab hydrogen hauv cov khoom siv raw thiab txhim kho qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom.