Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm laser thiab cov ntaub ntawv muaj ntau yam tshwm sim ntawm lub cev thiab cov yam ntxwv. Peb tsab xov xwm tom ntej no yuav qhia txog peb qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev muaj feem xyuam nrog cov txheej txheem laser vuam txhawm rau muab cov npoj yaig kom nkag siab meej txog qhovlaser vuam txheej txheem: muab faib ua laser absorption rate thiab kev hloov hauv lub xeev, cov nyhuv plasma thiab keyhole effect. Lub sijhawm no, peb yuav hloov kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv lub xeev ntawm laser thiab cov ntaub ntawv thiab qhov nqus nqus.
Cov kev hloov hauv lub xeev ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm laser thiab cov ntaub ntawv
Lub laser ua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau yog tsuas yog raws li thermal ua ntawm photothermal teebmeem. Thaum laser irradiation yog siv rau cov khoom nto, ntau yam kev hloov yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm cov khoom ntawm txawv zog densities. Cov kev hloov no muaj xws li qhov kub thiab txias nce, melting, vaporization, keyhole tsim, thiab plasma tiam. Ntxiv mus, cov kev hloov hauv lub cev ntawm lub cev ntawm cov khoom siv hauv cheeb tsam zoo heev cuam tshuam rau cov khoom nqus ntawm laser. Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm lub zog ceev thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv hlau yuav raug hloov pauv hauv lub xeev:
Thaum lublaser zogQhov ceev yog tsawg (<10 ^ 4w / cm ^ 2) thiab lub sij hawm irradiation luv luv, lub zog laser absorbed los ntawm cov hlau tsuas tuaj yeem ua rau kub ntawm cov khoom los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau sab hauv, tab sis cov khoom theem tseem tsis hloov. . Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau ib feem annealing thiab theem transformation hardening kev kho mob, nrog rau cov cuab yeej, zog, thiab bearings yog feem ntau;
Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm laser zog ceev (10 ^ 4-10 ^ 6w / cm ^ 2) thiab lub sij hawm ntev ntawm irradiation, qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom maj mam yaj. Raws li cov tswv yim zog nce, cov kua-cov khoom sib txuas maj mam txav mus rau qhov tob ntawm cov khoom. Cov txheej txheem lub cev no tsuas yog siv rau saum npoo remelting, alloying, cladding, thiab thermal conductivity vuam ntawm hlau.
Los ntawm kev ua kom lub zog ntom ntom ntxiv (> 10 ^ 6w / cm ^ 2) thiab ua kom lub sijhawm ua haujlwm laser ntev, cov khoom nto tsis tsuas yog melts tab sis kuj vaporizes, thiab cov khoom vaporized sib sau ua ke ze ntawm cov khoom nto thiab tsis muaj zog ionize los tsim cov ntshav. Cov plasma nyias no pab cov khoom nqus cov laser; Nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm vaporization thiab expansion, cov kua nto deforms thiab cov ntaub ntawv pits. Cov theem no tuaj yeem siv rau laser vuam, feem ntau nyob rau hauv splicing thermal conductivity vuam ntawm micro sib txuas hauv 0.5 hli.
Los ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog ntxiv (> 10 ^ 7w / cm ^ 2) thiab ua kom lub sij hawm irradiation, cov khoom nto muaj zog vaporization, tsim cov ntshav nrog qib siab ionization. Qhov kev mob siab no muaj cov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm laser, txo qis lub zog nter ntawm cov khoom lag luam laser rau hauv cov khoom. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nyob rau hauv ib tug loj vapor cov tshuaj tiv thaiv quab yuam, me me qhov, feem ntau hu ua keyholes, yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub melted hlau, Lub hav zoov ntawm keyholes yog zoo rau cov khoom siv nqus laser, thiab theem no yuav siv tau rau laser sib sib zog nqus fusion. vuam, txiav thiab drilling, cuam tshuam hardening, thiab lwm yam.
Raws li cov xwm txheej sib txawv, qhov sib txawv wavelengths ntawm laser irradiation ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau sib txawv yuav ua rau muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub zog ceev ntawm txhua theem.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev nqus ntawm laser los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, lub vaporization ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog ib tug ciam teb. Thaum cov khoom tsis dhau vaporization, txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov khoom lossis cov theem ua kua, nws qhov nqus ntawm laser tsuas yog hloov maj mam nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov kub thiab txias; Thaum cov khoom vaporizes thiab tsim plasma thiab keyholes, cov khoom nqus ntawm laser yuav dheev hloov.
Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 2, qhov nqus ntawm laser ntawm cov khoom nto thaum lub sij hawm laser vuam nws txawv nrog laser zog ceev thiab cov khoom nto kub. Thaum cov khoom tsis yaj, qhov nqus ntawm cov khoom mus rau lub laser maj mam nce nrog qhov nce ntawm cov khoom saum npoo kub. Thaum lub zog ceev ntau dua (10 ^ 6w / cm ^ 2), cov khoom vaporizes tsausmuag, tsim lub qhov tseem ceeb. Lub laser nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau qhov kev xav thiab kev nqus, uas ua rau muaj qhov nce ntxiv ntawm cov khoom nqus nqus mus rau lub laser thiab qhov tseem ceeb nce hauv qhov tob tob.
Kev nqus ntawm Laser los ntawm cov khoom siv hlau - Wavelength
Daim duab saum toj no qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov kev xav, kev nqus, thiab lub wavelength ntawm cov hlau uas nquag siv hauv chav tsev kub. Hauv cheeb tsam infrared, qhov nqus tau txo qis thiab qhov kev xav tau nce ntxiv nrog qhov nce ntawm wavelength. Feem ntau cov hlau xav tau 10.6um (CO2) wavelength infrared lub teeb thaum tsis muaj zog cuam tshuam 1.06um (1060nm) wavelength infrared teeb. Cov khoom siv hlau muaj qhov nqus siab dua rau cov lasers luv wavelength, xws li lub teeb xiav thiab ntsuab.
Kev nqus ntawm Laser los ntawm cov khoom siv hlau - Cov khoom kub thiab laser zog ceev
Siv cov khoom siv txhuas ua piv txwv, thaum cov khoom siv tau zoo, qhov kev nqus ntawm lub laser yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 5-7%, cov kua nqus dej yog mus txog 25-35%, thiab nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 90% hauv lub xeev keyhole.
Qhov nqus ntawm cov khoom mus rau lub laser nce nrog nce kub. Qhov nqus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau ntawm chav tsev kub yog tsawg heev. Thaum qhov kub nce mus txog ze ntawm qhov chaw melting, nws qhov nqus tau tuaj yeem ncav cuag 40% ~ 60%. Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias nyob ze rau qhov kub kub, nws qhov nqus tau tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 90%.
Absorption ntawm Laser los ntawm cov khoom siv hlau - Qhov chaw nyob
Cov pa nqus nqus tau ntsuas yog siv cov hlau du, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov kev siv ntawm cov cua sov laser, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kom tus nqi nqus ntawm cov khoom siv siab (aluminium, tooj liab) kom tsis txhob muaj cov khoom cuav los ntawm kev xav txog siab;
Cov txheej txheem hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv tau:
1. Kev siv cov txheej txheem ua ntej kev kho kom zoo los txhim kho qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm laser: qauv oxidation, sandblasting, laser tu, npib tsib xee plating, tin plating, graphite txheej, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom nqus ntawm laser;
Lub hauv paus yog ua kom cov roughness ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nto (uas yog conducive rau ntau laser reflections thiab nqus), ntxiv rau kom cov txheej txheej nrog siab absorbing tus nqi. Los ntawm absorbing laser zog thiab melting thiab volatilizing nws los ntawm high absorption cov ntaub ntawv, laser tshav kub yog kis mus rau hauv lub hauv paus cov ntaub ntawv los txhim kho cov khoom haum tus nqi thiab txo cov virtual welding los ntawm high reflection phenomenon.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-23-2023
