1. Cov piv txwv ntawm daim ntawv thov
1) Rooj sib txuas
Xyoo 1960, Toyota Motor Company tau siv thawj zaug siv cov txheej txheem vuam uas siv cov khoom siv vuam. Nws yog kev txuas ob lossis ntau daim ntawv ua ke los ntawm kev vuam thiab tom qab ntawd luam lawv. Cov ntawv no tuaj yeem muaj qhov tuab sib txawv, cov ntaub ntawv, thiab cov yam ntxwv. Vim muaj qhov xav tau ntau ntxiv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsheb thiab kev ua haujlwm xws li kev txuag hluav taws xob, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev nyab xeeb tsav tsheb, thiab lwm yam, cov txheej txheem vuam tau nyiam ntau dua thiab ntau dua. Kev vuam phaj tuaj yeem siv qhov chaw vuam, flash butt vuam,laser vuam, hydrogen arc vuam, thiab lwm yam. Tam sim no,laser vuamfeem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tshawb fawb txawv teb chaws thiab kev tsim cov khoom siv tailor-welded.
Los ntawm kev sib piv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim thiab kev xam, cov txiaj ntsig tau pom zoo zoo, pov thawj qhov tseeb ntawm tus qauv qhov chaw cua sov. Qhov dav ntawm cov vuam sib txuas raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv tau suav thiab maj mam ua kom zoo dua. Thaum kawg, qhov piv ntawm lub zog ntawm lub teeb ntawm 2: 1 tau txais yuav, ob lub teeb tau teeb tsa ua ke, lub zog loj tau nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov vuam sib txuas, thiab lub zog me me tau nyob ntawm lub phaj tuab. Nws tuaj yeem txo qhov dav ntawm qhov vuam. Thaum ob lub teeb yog 45 degrees ntawm ib leeg. Thaum teeb tsa, lub teeb ua haujlwm rau ntawm lub phaj tuab thiab lub phaj nyias. Vim yog qhov txo qis ntawm lub zog cua sov, qhov dav ntawm qhov vuam kuj txo qis.
2） Cov hlau sib txawv ntawm txhuas
Cov kev tshawb fawb tam sim no kos cov lus xaus hauv qab no: (1) Thaum lub zog ntawm lub beam nce ntxiv, qhov tuab ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw intermetallic hauv tib qho chaw ntawm qhov sib txuas weld / aluminium alloy interface maj mam txo qis, thiab qhov kev faib tawm dhau los ua qhov tsis tu ncua. Thaum RS = 2, qhov tuab ntawm cov txheej interface IMC yog ntawm 5-10 microns. Qhov ntev tshaj plaws ntawm cov dawb "zoo li koob" IMC yog ntawm 23 microns. Thaum RS = 0.67, qhov tuab ntawm cov txheej interface IMC yog qis dua 5 microns, thiab qhov ntev tshaj plaws ntawm cov dawb "zoo li koob" IMC yog 5.6 microns. Qhov tuab ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw intermetallic raug txo qis heev.
(2)Thaum siv lub laser parallel dual-beam rau kev vuam, IMC ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm weld / aluminium alloy yog qhov tsis xwm yeem ntau dua. Lub thickness ntawm IMC txheej ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm weld / aluminium alloy ze ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm steel / aluminium alloy yog thicker, nrog rau qhov tuab tshaj plaws ntawm 23.7 microns. . Raws li qhov sib piv ntawm lub zog ntawm lub teeb nce, thaum RS = 1.50, qhov tuab ntawm IMC txheej ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm weld / aluminium alloy tseem loj dua qhov tuab ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw intermetallic hauv tib thaj chaw ntawm lub serial dual beam.
3. Aluminium-lithium alloy T-puab sib koom ua ke
Hais txog cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov pob qij txha laser welded ntawm 2A97 txhuas alloy, cov kws tshawb fawb tau kawm txog microhardness, tensile zog thiab qaug zog zog. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim qhia tau tias: thaj chaw vuam ntawm laser welded pob qij txha ntawm 2A97-T3/T4 txhuas alloy yog mos heev. Tus coefficient yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 0.6, uas yog feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev yaj thiab tom qab ntawd nyuaj hauv kev nag ntawm theem txhawb zog; tus coefficient zog ntawm 2A97-T4 txhuas alloy pob qij txha welded los ntawm IPGYLR-6000 fiber laser tuaj yeem ncav cuag 0.8, tab sis qhov plasticity qis, thaum IPGYLS-4000 fiberlaser vuamTus coefficient ntawm lub zog ntawm cov pob qij txha laser welded 2A97-T3 txhuas alloy yog li 0.6; qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov qhov yog keeb kwm ntawm cov kab nrib pleb qaug zog hauv 2A97-T3 txhuas alloy laser welded pob qij txha.
Hauv hom synchronous, raws li cov qauv siv lead ua sib txawv, FZ feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov siv lead ua ke thiab cov siv lead ua sib npaug. Cov siv lead ua ke muaj qhov kev loj hlob ntawm EQZ epitaxial, thiab lawv cov kev loj hlob yog perpendicular rau kab fusion. Qhov no yog vim tias qhov chaw ntawm cov noob EQZ yog cov khoom siv nucleation npaj txhij, thiab qhov cua sov dissipation hauv qhov kev taw qhia no yog qhov ceev tshaj plaws. Yog li ntawd, lub hauv paus crystallographic ntawm kab fusion ntsug loj hlob zoo dua thiab cov sab raug txwv. Raws li cov siv lead ua ke loj hlob mus rau qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov vuam, cov qauv morphology hloov pauv thiab cov dendrites columnar raug tsim. Hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov vuam, qhov kub ntawm lub pas dej molten siab, qhov cua sov dissipation tus nqi yog tib yam hauv txhua qhov kev taw qhia, thiab cov noob loj hlob equiaxially hauv txhua qhov kev taw qhia, tsim cov dendrites equiaxed. Thaum lub hauv paus crystallographic axis ntawm cov dendrites equiaxed yog qhov sib npaug rau lub dav hlau qauv, cov noob zoo li paj pom tseeb tuaj yeem pom hauv theem metallographic. Ntxiv rau, cuam tshuam los ntawm supercooling ntawm cov khoom hauv zos hauv thaj chaw vuam, equiaxed fine-grained bands feem ntau tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw welded seam ntawm synchronous hom T-puab sib koom ua ke, thiab cov noob morphology hauv equiaxed fine-grained band yog txawv ntawm cov noob morphology ntawm EQZ. Zoo li qub. Vim tias cov txheej txheem cua sov ntawm heterogeneous hom TSTB-LW yog txawv ntawm synchronous hom TSTB-LW, muaj qhov sib txawv pom tseeb hauv macromorphology thiab microstructure morphology. Heterogeneous hom TSTB-LW T-puab sib koom ua ke tau ntsib ob lub voj voog thermal, qhia ob lub pas dej molten cov yam ntxwv. Muaj ib txoj kab fusion thib ob pom tseeb hauv qhov vuam, thiab lub pas dej molten tsim los ntawm thermal conduction vuam yog me me. Hauv hom heterogeneous TSTB-LW txheej txheem, qhov tob tob vuam yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov txheej txheem cua sov ntawm thermal conduction vuam. Cov dendrites columnar thiab equiaxed dendrites ze rau kab fusion thib ob muaj tsawg dua cov ciam teb subgrain thiab hloov mus ua columnar lossis cellular crystals, qhia tias Cov txheej txheem cua sov ntawm thermal conductivity welding muaj cov nyhuv kho cua sov rau qhov tob tob welds. Thiab qhov loj me ntawm cov dendrites hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov thermally conductive weld yog 2-5 microns, uas yog me dua li qhov loj me ntawm cov dendrites hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov tob tob weld (5-10 microns). Qhov no feem ntau yog cuam tshuam nrog qhov cua sov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov welds ntawm ob sab. Kub yog cuam tshuam nrog qhov txias tom qab.
3) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm ob-beam laser hmoov cladding vuam
4)Lub zog sib koom ua ke siab
Hauv kev sim vuam hmoov laser ob-beam, txij li ob lub teeb laser tau faib ua ib sab ntawm ob sab ntawm txoj hlua choj, qhov ntau ntawm lub laser thiab lub substrate loj dua li ntawm ib-beam laser hmoov deposition vuam, thiab cov pob qij txha solder tshwm sim yog ntsug rau txoj hlua choj. Qhov kev taw qhia ntawm txoj hlua yog qhov ntev dua. Daim duab 3.6 qhia cov pob qij txha solder tau los ntawm ib-beam thiab ob-beam laser hmoov deposition vuam. Thaum lub sijhawm vuam, txawm tias nws yog ob-beamlaser vuamtxoj kev los yog ib txoj kab kelaser vuamtxoj kev, ib lub pas dej molten yog tsim rau ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm kev siv cua sov. Ua li no, cov khoom siv molten hauv lub pas dej molten tuaj yeem tsim cov hlau sib txuas nrog cov hmoov hlau molten tus kheej, yog li ua tiav kev vuam. Thaum siv lub laser dual-beam rau kev vuam, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb laser thiab cov khoom siv hauv paus yog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm ntawm ob lub teeb laser, uas yog, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ob lub pas dej molten tsim los ntawm lub laser ntawm cov khoom siv. Ua li no, qhov tshwm sim tshiab fusion Thaj chaw loj dua li ntawm ib-beamlaser vuam, yog li cov pob qij txha solder tau los ntawm ob-beamlaser vuammuaj zog dua li ib lub teeblaser vuam.
2. Kev siv tau zoo thiab rov ua dua
Hauv ib lub beamlaser vuamkev sim, txij li thaum qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw tsom mus rau ntawm lub laser ncaj qha ua rau ntawm cov xov hlau micro-choj, cov xov hlau choj muaj cov kev xav tau siab heev raulaser vuamCov txheej txheem tsis sib xws, xws li kev faib tawm lub zog laser tsis sib xws thiab cov hmoov hlau tsis sib xws. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov hlau tawg thaum lub sijhawm vuam thiab txawm tias ncaj qha ua rau cov hlau choj vaporize. Hauv txoj kev vuam laser ob chav, txij li qhov chaw tsom mus rau ntawm ob lub teeb laser tsis ua ncaj qha rau cov xov hlau micro-bridge, cov kev cai nruj rau cov txheej txheem vuam laser ntawm cov xov hlau choj raug txo qis, thiab qhov weldability thiab repeatability tau zoo dua heev.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-17-2023
