Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, kev ntxuav laser tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov chaw tshawb fawb kub hauv kev lag luam kev tsim khoom lag luam, kev tshawb fawb npog cov txheej txheem, kev xav, cov khoom siv thiab cov ntawv thov. Hauv kev siv hauv kev lag luam, kev siv tshuab ntxuav laser tau muaj peev xwm ntxuav tau ntau yam ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, ntxuav cov khoom xws li hlau, txhuas, titanium, iav thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, thiab lwm yam, kev lag luam siv npog aerospace, aviation, shipping, high-speed rail, automotive, pwm, nuclear fais fab thiab marine thiab lwm yam teb.
Cov thev naus laus zis ntxuav laser, uas tau siv txij li xyoo 1960, muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ntxuav zoo, ntau yam kev siv, kev ua haujlwm raug siab, tsis sib cuag thiab yooj yim siv. Hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam, kev tsim khoom thiab kev saib xyuas thiab lwm yam teb, muaj ntau yam kev cia siab rau kev siv, xav tias yuav hloov pauv ib feem lossis tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntxuav ib txwm muaj, thiab dhau los ua cov thev naus laus zis ntxuav ntsuab zoo tshaj plaws hauv xyoo pua 21st.
Txoj kev ntxuav laser
Cov txheej txheem ntxuav laser yog qhov nyuaj heev, uas cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam txheej txheem tshem tawm cov khoom siv. Rau txoj kev ntxuav laser, cov txheej txheem ntxuav yuav muaj tib lub sijhawm ntau yam txheej txheem, uas feem ntau yog vim muaj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm laser thiab cov khoom siv, suav nrog cov khoom siv nto ablation, decomposition, ionization, degradation, melting, combustion, vaporization, vibration, sputtering, expansion, shrinkage, explosion, peeling, shedding thiab lwm yam kev hloov pauv lub cev thiab tshuaj.
Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem ntxuav laser feem ntau yog peb: kev ntxuav laser ablation, kev ntxuav kua yeeb yaj kiab pab thiab cov txheej txheem ntxuav laser shock wave.
Txoj kev ntxuav laser ablation
Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv tshuab yog thermal expansion, vaporization, ablation thiab phase explosion. Lub laser ua haujlwm ncaj qha rau ntawm cov khoom siv uas yuav tsum tau tshem tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub substrate thiab cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig tuaj yeem yog huab cua, roj rarefied lossis lub tshuab nqus tsev. Cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab feem ntau siv los tshem tawm ntau yam coatings, xim, me me lossis av qias neeg. Daim duab hauv qab no qhia cov txheej txheem daim duab rau txoj kev ntxuav laser ablation.
Thaum lub laser irradiation rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv, cov substrate thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntxuav yog thawj qhov thermal expansion. Nrog rau kev nce ntawm lub sijhawm sib cuam tshuam laser nrog cov khoom ntxuav, yog tias qhov kub qis dua qhov cavitation threshold ntawm cov khoom ntxuav, cov khoom ntxuav tsuas yog hloov pauv lub cev, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom ntxuav thiab cov substrate thermal expansion coefficient ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab ntawm qhov interface, cov khoom ntxuav buckling, tearing ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov substrate, tawg, mechanical fracture, vibration crushing, thiab lwm yam, cov khoom ntxuav raug tshem tawm los ntawm jet lossis stripped ntawm qhov chaw substrate.
Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias siab dua qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv ntxuav, yuav muaj ob qho xwm txheej: 1) qhov ablation threshold ntawm cov khoom siv ntxuav tsawg dua li lub substrate; 2) qhov ablation threshold ntawm cov khoom siv ntxuav ntau dua li lub substrate.
Ob qho xwm txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntxuav no yog yaj, cavitation thiab ablation thiab lwm yam kev hloov pauv physicochemical, cov txheej txheem ntxuav yog qhov nyuaj dua, ntxiv rau cov teebmeem thermal, tab sis kuj tseem yuav suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntxuav thiab cov substrates ntawm cov molecular breakage, cov ntaub ntawv ntxuav decomposition lossis degradation, theem tawg, cov ntaub ntawv ntxuav gasification instantaneous ionization, tiam ntawm plasma.
(1)Kev ntxuav laser ua kua dej ua ke
Txoj kev siv tshuab feem ntau muaj cov kua dej ua kom npau npau thiab ua kom co, thiab lwm yam. Kev siv qhov xav tau los xaiv qhov laser wavelength kom haum, ua kom tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntxuav laser ablation, tuaj yeem siv los tshem tawm qee qhov nyuaj dua los tshem tawm cov khoom ntxuav.
Raws li pom hauv daim duab hauv qab no, cov kua zaj duab xis (dej, ethanol lossis lwm yam kua) tau npog ua ntej rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom ntxuav, thiab tom qab ntawd siv lub laser los irradiate nws. Cov kua zaj duab xis nqus cov laser zog ua rau muaj kev tawg loj ntawm cov kua xov xwm, kev tawg ntawm cov kua kub kub txav mus los ceev ceev, lub zog hloov mus rau cov ntaub ntawv ntxuav nto, lub zog tawg siab txaus kom tshem tawm cov av qias neeg kom ua tiav cov hom phiaj ntxuav.
Txoj kev ntxuav laser uas siv cov yeeb yaj kiab pab ua kua muaj ob qhov tsis zoo.
Cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab nyuaj rau tswj cov txheej txheem.
Vim yog siv cov kua zaj duab xis, cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov substrate nto tom qab ntxuav yog yooj yim hloov thiab tsim cov tshuaj tshiab.
(1)Txoj kev ntxuav laser shock wave
Txoj kev ua thiab txoj kev ua haujlwm txawv ntawm ob txoj kev ua thawj zaug, lub tshuab feem ntau yog siv lub zog ntawm lub zog poob siab los tshem tawm, cov khoom ntxuav feem ntau yog cov khoom me me, feem ntau yog siv rau kev tshem tawm cov khoom me me (sub-micron lossis nanoscale). Cov kev cai ntawm txoj kev ua haujlwm yog nruj heev, ob qho tib si kom ntseeg tau tias muaj peev xwm ionize huab cua, tab sis kuj kom tswj tau qhov deb ntawm lub laser thiab lub substrate kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev ua ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm lub zog cuam tshuam loj txaus.
Daim duab qhia txog kev ntxuav cov txheej txheem ntawm laser shock wave yog qhia hauv qab no, lub laser yuav tsum sib luag rau qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub substrate, thiab lub substrate tsis sib cuag. Tsiv lub workpiece lossis lub taub hau laser los kho qhov laser tsom mus rau lub particle ze ntawm lub laser tso zis, qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm huab cua ionization phenomenon yuav tshwm sim, ua rau muaj kev poob siab, kev poob siab mus rau qhov nthuav dav sai ntawm lub spherical nthuav dav, thiab txuas ntxiv mus sib cuag nrog cov particles. Thaum lub sijhawm ntawm lub transverse component ntawm lub shock wave ntawm lub particle loj dua lub sijhawm ntawm lub longitudinal component thiab lub zog adhesion ntawm particle, lub particle yuav raug tshem tawm los ntawm dov.
Kev siv tshuab ntxuav laser
Lub tshuab ntxuav laser feem ntau yog ua raws li qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom tom qab nqus tau lub zog laser, lossis vaporization thiab volatilization, lossis instantaneous thermal expansion kom kov yeej qhov adsorption ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm qhov chaw, yog li ntawd cov khoom tawm ntawm qhov chaw, thiab tom qab ntawd ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ntxuav.
Kwv yees li ntawm: 1. laser vapor decomposition, 2. laser stripping, 3. thermal expansion ntawm cov av me me, 4. substrate surface vibration thiab particle vibration plaub yam
Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem ntxuav ib txwm muaj, cov thev naus laus zis ntxuav laser muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no.
1. Nws yog kev ntxuav "qhuav", tsis muaj tshuaj ntxuav lossis lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg, thiab qhov huv si yog siab dua li cov txheej txheem ntxuav tshuaj lom neeg.
2. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm kev tshem tawm cov av thiab cov khoom siv hauv qab no dav heev, thiab
3. Los ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem laser, tsis tuaj yeem ua puas rau qhov chaw ntawm lub substrate raws li kev tshem tawm cov pa phem, qhov chaw zoo li tshiab.
4. Kev ntxuav laser tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau yooj yim.
5. Cov khoom siv laser decontamination siv tau ntev, cov nqi khiav lag luam qis.
6. Kev siv tshuab ntxuav laser yog ib qho: ntsuab: kev ntxuav, tshem tawm cov khib nyiab yog cov hmoov khov, me me, yooj yim khaws cia, yeej yuav tsis ua rau ib puag ncig puas tsuaj.
Xyoo 1980, kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam semiconductor ntawm qhov chaw ntawm silicon wafer mask contamination particles ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ntxuav tau muab tso rau pem hauv ntej qhov xav tau siab dua, lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog kov yeej qhov kev ua qias tuaj ntawm cov khoom me me thiab cov substrate ntawm lub zog adsorption loj, cov tshuaj ntxuav tshuaj ib txwm muaj, kev ntxuav tshuab, thiab cov txheej txheem ntxuav ultrasonic tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau, thiab kev ntxuav laser tuaj yeem daws cov teeb meem kev ua qias tuaj, kev tshawb fawb thiab daim ntawv thov cuam tshuam tau tsim kho sai.
Xyoo 1987, thawj zaug daim ntawv thov patent rau kev ntxuav laser tau tshwm sim. Xyoo 1990, Zapka tau siv cov thev naus laus zis ntxuav laser rau cov txheej txheem tsim khoom semiconductor kom tshem tawm cov khoom me me ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub ntsej muag, thiab tau pom tias muaj kev siv cov thev naus laus zis ntxuav laser thaum ntxov hauv kev lag luam. Xyoo 1995, cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv 2 kW TEA-CO2 laser los ntxuav cov xim pleev xim ntawm lub dav hlau.
Tom qab nkag mus rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st, nrog rau kev txhim kho ceev ceev ntawm ultra-short pulse lasers, kev tshawb fawb hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws thiab kev siv tshuab ntxuav laser maj mam nce ntxiv, tsom mus rau qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv hlau, cov ntawv thov txawv teb chaws feem ntau yog cov xim tshem tawm ntawm lub dav hlau fuselage, pwm degreasing nto, cav sab hauv tshem tawm cov pa roj carbon thiab ntxuav qhov chaw ntawm cov pob qij txha ua ntej vuam. US Edison Welding Institute laser ntxuav ntawm FG16 lub dav hlau ua tsov rog, thaum lub zog laser ntawm 1 kW, qhov ntim ntxuav ntawm 2.36 cm3 ib feeb.
Nws tsim nyog hais tias kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv laser tshem tawm cov xim ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke kuj yog qhov chaw kub loj. US Navy HG53, HG56 lub dav hlau kiv cua thiab F16 lub dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua lub tw tiaj tus thiab lwm yam khoom sib xyaw tau ua tiav cov ntawv thov tshem tawm xim laser, thaum Tuam Tshoj cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw hauv cov ntawv thov dav hlau lig, yog li kev tshawb fawb zoo li no yeej nyob hauv qhov khoob.
Ntxiv mus, kev siv cov thev naus laus zis laser los ntxuav CFRP composite nto ntawm qhov sib koom ua ntej lo rau kom txhim kho lub zog ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke kuj yog ib qho ntawm kev tshawb fawb tam sim no. hloov kho lub tuam txhab laser rau Audi TT tsheb tsim kab los muab cov khoom siv fiber laser ntxuav los ntxuav qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov rooj aluminium alloy oxide zaj duab xis. Rolls G Royce UK siv laser ntxuav los ntxuav oxide zaj duab xis ntawm qhov chaw ntawm titanium aero-engine Cheebtsam.
Cov thev naus laus zis ntxuav laser tau tsim kho sai heev hauv ob xyoos dhau los, txawm tias nws yog cov txheej txheem ntxuav laser thiab cov txheej txheem ntxuav, kev tshawb fawb txog cov khoom ntxuav lossis kev siv kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav zoo heev. Cov thev naus laus zis ntxuav laser tom qab ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb theoretical, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws txoj kev tshawb fawb yog qhov kev siv tshawb fawb tas li, thiab hauv kev siv cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Yav tom ntej, cov thev naus laus zis ntxuav laser hauv kev tiv thaiv cov khoom qub thiab cov duab kos duab yuav siv dav dua, thiab nws txoj kev lag luam dav heev. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, kev siv cov thev naus laus zis ntxuav laser hauv kev lag luam tau dhau los ua qhov tseeb, thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm daim ntawv thov tau dhau los ua ntau dua.
Maven laser automation lub tuam txhab tsom mus rau kev lag luam laser rau 14 xyoo, peb tshwj xeeb hauv kev cim laser, peb muaj tshuab txee laser ntxuav tshuab, trolley rooj plaub laser ntxuav tshuab, hnab ev khoom laser ntxuav tshuab thiab peb hauv ib lub tshuab ntxuav laser, ntxiv rau, peb kuj muaj laser vuam tshuab, laser txiav tshuab thiab laser cim engraving tshuab, yog tias koj xav tau peb lub tshuab, koj tuaj yeem ua raws li peb thiab xav tias dawb hu rau peb.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Kaum Ib Hlis-14-2022
